Early Life | George Stephenson (1781-1848)

George Stephenson (1781 – 1848) was a British engineer and main contributor to the development of railroad locomotive.

While  a  boy  at  Wylam,  George  led  the  ordinary  life  of' working-people’s  children.  He  played  about  the  doors ;  went bird-nesting  when  he  could;  and  ran  errands  to  the  village. In  course  of  time  he  was  promoted  to  the  office  of  carrying his  father’s  dinner  to  him  while  at  work ;  and  he  helped  to nurse  his  younger  brothers  and  sisters  at  home, — for  in  the poor  man’s  dwelling  every  hand  must  early  be  turned  to useful  account.  None  of the  children  ever  went  to  school; the  family  was  too  poor,  and  food  too  dear,  to  admit  of  that. One  of  the  duties  of  the  elder  children  was  to  see  that the  younger  ones  were  kept  out  of  the  way  of  the  chaldron wagons,  which  were  then  dragged  by  horses  along  the wooden  tram-road  immediately  in  front  of  the  cottage  door. Wooden  railways  were  early  used  in  Northumberland,  and this  at  Wylam  was  destined  to  be  the  first  on which  a  locomotive  engine  travelled  regularly  between  the  coal-pit  and the  loading  quay.  At  the  time,  however,  of  which  we  speak,  locomotives  had  scarcely  been  dreamt  of;  horses were  still  the  only  tractive  power ;  and one  of  the  daily sights  of  young  Stephenson  was  the  coal-wagons  dragged by  their  means  along  this  wooden  railway  at  Wylam. As  every  child  in  a  poor  man’s  house  is  a  burden  until  his little  hands  can  be  turned  to  profitable  account  and  made  to earn  money  towards  supplying  the  indispensable  wants  of  the family,  George Stephenson  was  put  to  work  as  soon  as  an opportunity  of  employment  presented  itself.  A  widow, named  Grace Ainslie,  then  occupied  the  neighboring  farmhouse  of Dewley.  She  kept  a  number  of  cows and  had  the privilege  of  grazing  them  along  the  wagon-ways.  She needed  a  boy  to  herd  the  cows,  to  keep  them  out  of  the  way of  the  wagons and  prevent  their  straying  or  trespassing on  the  neighbors’  “  liberties ;  ”  the  boy’s  duty  was  also  to bar  the  gates  at  night  after  all  the  wagons  had  passed. George  petitioned  for  this  post,  and  to  his  great  joy  he  was appointed,  at  the  wage  of  two-pence  a  day.

[…]

George  Stephenson  was  eighteen  years  old  before  he  learnt to  read.  He  was  now  almost  a  full-grown  workman,  earning his  twelve  shillings  a  week,  and  having  the  charge  of  an engine,  which  occupied  his  time  to  the  extent  of  twelve  hours every  day.  He  had  thus  very  few  leisure  moments  that  he could  call  his  own.  But  the  busiest  man  will  find  them  if  he watches  for  them ;  and  if  he  be  careful  in  turning  these  moments  to  useful  account,  he  will  prove  them  to  be  the  very “  gold-dust  of  time,”  as  Young  has  so  beautifully  described.

Excerpted from The Life of George Stephenson by Samuel Smiles, 1857. Online at archive.org

Restored Q class railway coal wagon at Brunner Mine site.

Pseudopanax at English Wikipedia, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

“A chaldron (also chauldron or chalder) was an English measure of dry volume, mostly used for coal; the word itself is an obsolete spelling of cauldron. It was used from the 13th century onwards, nominally until 1963, when it was abolished by the Weights and Measures Act 1963, but in practice until the end of 1835, when the Weights and Measures Act of that year specified that thenceforth coal could only be sold by weight.” Source: Wikipedia

Thumbnail Image: Portrait of George Stephenson

Jan Arkesteijn at nl.wikipedia, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

Previous
Previous

Sir Humphry Davy Used Poetry and Theatre to Bring Science to Life | The Conversation

Next
Next

Early Life | Ignaz Semmelweis (1818 -1865) | Book Excerpt