Early Life | George Stephenson (1781-1848)
George Stephenson (1781 – 1848) was a British engineer and main contributor to the development of railroad locomotive.
While a boy at Wylam, George led the ordinary life of' working-people’s children. He played about the doors ; went bird-nesting when he could; and ran errands to the village. In course of time he was promoted to the office of carrying his father’s dinner to him while at work ; and he helped to nurse his younger brothers and sisters at home, — for in the poor man’s dwelling every hand must early be turned to useful account. None of the children ever went to school; the family was too poor, and food too dear, to admit of that. One of the duties of the elder children was to see that the younger ones were kept out of the way of the chaldron wagons, which were then dragged by horses along the wooden tram-road immediately in front of the cottage door. Wooden railways were early used in Northumberland, and this at Wylam was destined to be the first on which a locomotive engine travelled regularly between the coal-pit and the loading quay. At the time, however, of which we speak, locomotives had scarcely been dreamt of; horses were still the only tractive power ; and one of the daily sights of young Stephenson was the coal-wagons dragged by their means along this wooden railway at Wylam. As every child in a poor man’s house is a burden until his little hands can be turned to profitable account and made to earn money towards supplying the indispensable wants of the family, George Stephenson was put to work as soon as an opportunity of employment presented itself. A widow, named Grace Ainslie, then occupied the neighboring farmhouse of Dewley. She kept a number of cows and had the privilege of grazing them along the wagon-ways. She needed a boy to herd the cows, to keep them out of the way of the wagons and prevent their straying or trespassing on the neighbors’ “ liberties ; ” the boy’s duty was also to bar the gates at night after all the wagons had passed. George petitioned for this post, and to his great joy he was appointed, at the wage of two-pence a day.
[…]
George Stephenson was eighteen years old before he learnt to read. He was now almost a full-grown workman, earning his twelve shillings a week, and having the charge of an engine, which occupied his time to the extent of twelve hours every day. He had thus very few leisure moments that he could call his own. But the busiest man will find them if he watches for them ; and if he be careful in turning these moments to useful account, he will prove them to be the very “ gold-dust of time,” as Young has so beautifully described.
Excerpted from The Life of George Stephenson by Samuel Smiles, 1857. Online at archive.org
Restored Q class railway coal wagon at Brunner Mine site.
Pseudopanax at English Wikipedia, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons
“A chaldron (also chauldron or chalder) was an English measure of dry volume, mostly used for coal; the word itself is an obsolete spelling of cauldron. It was used from the 13th century onwards, nominally until 1963, when it was abolished by the Weights and Measures Act 1963, but in practice until the end of 1835, when the Weights and Measures Act of that year specified that thenceforth coal could only be sold by weight.” Source: Wikipedia
Thumbnail Image: Portrait of George Stephenson
Jan Arkesteijn at nl.wikipedia, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons